Indigenous knowledge is the collective wisdom of ethnic groups residing in diverse geographical regions throughout the world. This knowledge is based on the practical necessities and instincts of these communities, as well as their observations and curiosity. Over time, this local knowledge becomes socially accepted and validated, eventually becoming a part of the Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITK) of the society as a whole. Scientists in the knowledge-based economy recognize the potential value of indigenous knowledge in addressing modern agricultural and environmental challenges. Therefore, there is a need to study and document traditional knowledge in various ecological and cultural contexts. Researchers in different fields of agriculture and allied sectors are working on ITK. There is a demand for a comprehensive book that provides an overview of ITK, including its differences with science, the various tools and techniques used in ITK, its classification, importance, and utilization, as well as recent research on ITK in different regions of India. The aim of this book is to promote the study of ethnic knowledge in agriculture and allied sectors and to raise awareness of the significance of indigenous knowledge in the scientific community. This book will likely be well-received by Agricultural Universities, Animal Husbandry & Fisheries Universities, State Government Agri-allied Departments, Private and Public Sector Institutions, and other organizations involved in training, teaching, research, and extension in the agri-allied sector.