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The Rise and Decline of England's Watchmaking Industry, 1550–1930

Af: Alun C. Davies Engelsk Paperback

The Rise and Decline of England's Watchmaking Industry, 1550–1930

Af: Alun C. Davies Engelsk Paperback
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This survey of the rise and decline of English watchmaking fills a gap in the historiography of British industry. Clerkenwell in London was supplied with ''rough movements'' from Prescot, 200 miles away in Lancashire. Smaller watchmaking hubs later emerged in Coventry, Liverpool, and Birmingham. The English industry led European watchmaking in the late eighteenth century in output, and its lucrative export markets extended to the Ottoman Empire and China. It also made marine chronometers, the most complex of hand-crafted pre-industrial mechanisms, crucially important to the later hegemony of Britain’s navy and merchant marine. Although Britain was the ''workshop of the world'', its watchmaking industry declined. Why? First, because cheap Swiss watches were smuggled into British markets. Later, in the era of Free Trade, they were joined by machine-made watches from factories in America, enabled by the successful application to watch production of the ''American system'' in Waltham, Massachusetts after 1858. The Swiss watch industry adapted itself appropriately, expanded, and reasserted its lead in the world’s markets. English watchmaking did not: its trajectory foreshadowed and was later followed by other once-prominent British industries. Clerkenwell retained its pre-industrial production methods. Other modernization attempts in Britain had limited success or failed.

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This survey of the rise and decline of English watchmaking fills a gap in the historiography of British industry. Clerkenwell in London was supplied with ''rough movements'' from Prescot, 200 miles away in Lancashire. Smaller watchmaking hubs later emerged in Coventry, Liverpool, and Birmingham. The English industry led European watchmaking in the late eighteenth century in output, and its lucrative export markets extended to the Ottoman Empire and China. It also made marine chronometers, the most complex of hand-crafted pre-industrial mechanisms, crucially important to the later hegemony of Britain’s navy and merchant marine. Although Britain was the ''workshop of the world'', its watchmaking industry declined. Why? First, because cheap Swiss watches were smuggled into British markets. Later, in the era of Free Trade, they were joined by machine-made watches from factories in America, enabled by the successful application to watch production of the ''American system'' in Waltham, Massachusetts after 1858. The Swiss watch industry adapted itself appropriately, expanded, and reasserted its lead in the world’s markets. English watchmaking did not: its trajectory foreshadowed and was later followed by other once-prominent British industries. Clerkenwell retained its pre-industrial production methods. Other modernization attempts in Britain had limited success or failed.

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Produktdetaljer
Sprog: Engelsk
Sider: 394
ISBN-13: 9781032131351
Indbinding: Paperback
Udgave:
ISBN-10: 1032131357
Kategori: Social- & Kulturhistorie
Udg. Dato: 29 jan 2024
Længde: 25mm
Bredde: 229mm
Højde: 152mm
Forlag: Taylor & Francis Ltd
Oplagsdato: 29 jan 2024
Forfatter(e): Alun C. Davies
Forfatter(e) Alun C. Davies

Kategori Social- & Kulturhistorie

ISBN-13 9781032131351

Sprog Engelsk

Indbinding Paperback

Sider 394

Udgave

Længde 25mm

Bredde 229mm

Højde 152mm

Udg. Dato 29 jan 2024

Oplagsdato 29 jan 2024

Forlag Taylor & Francis Ltd